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Hardware margins are thin, so successful wearables monetize ongoing value : health insights, coaching, or enterprise wellness. The key is retention : if daily feedback changes behavior, churn drops and LTV  rises. BOM reductions help, but pricing power comes from outcomes  (better sleep, measurable VO₂max gains) that users actually feel. From an EE perspective, efficient power management , robust BLE links , and low-noise analog front-ends  aren’t just specs—they’re business

For decades, learning curves  and Moore’s Law  pushed cost per transistor down. But at advanced nodes, the curve bends: EUV tools , mask sets, and yield challenges make fixed costs explode. Foundries respond with capacity pre-buys  and long-term agreements to de-risk utilization, shifting risk back to customers. The result is a barbell world: ultra-high-volume designs justify bleeding-edge nodes; everyone else stays on mature processes where total cost of ownership  wins. For

On platforms like YouTube, outcomes follow a power-law : a small minority earns most views and revenue. That’s not just talent; it’s economics. Big channels spread fixed costs (editing, research, gear) over massive audiences—classic economies of scale . Then the recommendation system reinforces momentum: engagement → more impressions → more engagement, a feedback loop  that entrenches leaders. For new creators, the answer isn’t brute force; it’s niche positioning  and repeata

Cities often fund stadiums with the promise of jobs and tourism, but the math is rarely that simple. Most ticket and merch spending is substitution —money locals would have spent somewhere else—so net new demand is smaller than headline figures suggest. Add opportunity cost  (what the city could have done with the same funds) and the picture changes again. The winners are typically franchise owners who capture rents  through exclusive rights and scarce licenses, while taxpaye